No more panic, so you can read about AIDS in one article
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Many patients, when they learn that they are infected with HIV, may have only one thought in their head, that they are sentenced to death. This idea comes partly from the fear of death, and partly based on the lack of understanding of AIDS.
In fact, the development of AIDS is divided into three steps.The HIV virus enters the body, the HIV virus gradually destroys the human immune system little by little, and finally various serious opportunistic infections or tumors occur.
It is only at this last step that we call itAIDSIt is only at this final stage that we call it "Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)", the official name of the disease. Prior to this, patients often go through an asymptomatic period of 5-15 years and are referred to as HIV-infected.
Therefore, it is only when anything happens that causes HIV to "enter the body" that a person can become infected with the virus and further develop AIDS.
I. What are the circumstances that may allow HIV to enter the body?
1. Having sexual intercourse with an infected person without using a condom. -- Love is precious, but life is more valuable. Remember to wear an umbrella when having sex!
2. Enter HIV-contaminated blood or blood products. Transfusion safety is very important, the principle is not to transfuse blood if possible!
3. Sharing HIV-contaminated needles (including acupuncture and tattooing tools), surgical instruments or other sharp instruments. -- Choose a sterilized and safe clinic for medical treatment!
4. Transmission from HIV-infected mother to fetus/newborn during pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding. Remember that the child is innocent, and if so, mother-to-child interruption can be implemented!
5. Also includes specific routes such as organ transplants, occupational exposure of medical personnel, etc.-Medical personnel have occupational risks too!
In addition, it is especially important to emphasize with you that
① Mosquitoes do not transmit AIDS;-- Mosquitoes are also innocent!
② kissing will not spread AIDS;-don't worry mua mua mua!
③ Handshake, hug, toilet, cutlery, air all do not spread AIDS. -- please don't mind him!
Second, if you are exposed, how do you know if you have AIDS?
The only answer is a laboratory test.
1. Use the ultra-sensitive viral nucleic acid test, which can confirm HIV infection as early as 7 days after suspected exposure.
2. Using the new generation P24 antigen/antibody combination test, infection can be confirmed as early as 14 days after suspected exposure.
3. Even with the relatively "old" viral antibody test, a definitive indication of HIV infection can be given after 21 days of suspected exposure.
Therefore, the so-called "window period" for testing depends on the test method used.
Then, the safest thing to do is to do a nucleic acid test after 7 days and an antigen antibody test after 14-21 days, and if they are both negative, you should be relieved, even considering the test error. If any of them is positive, further testing is necessary.
What should I do if I am unfortunately exposed to HIV?
There are two scenarios to be discussed here.
1. First, how can we avoid being infected if we are sure that the virus has invaded us?
In this case, we call it "post-exposure prophylaxis".
After suspected exposure to HIV, afterWithin 72 hoursTaking antiretroviral drugs, which need to be taken once or twice a day for 28 days to deal with the possible infection triggered by the potential exposure. It is generally accepted that starting the medication within 72 hours of exposure is effective, and the earlier the medication is started, the better the outcome. Always remember the "golden 72 hours". The medication is usually stopped after 28 days and HIV testing is performed twice after discontinuation, on days 14 and 56, to confirm the effectiveness of prevention.
2. Second, does the confirmation of infection mean the end of life?
Of course not!
After decades of investment of countless human, material and financial resources, the medical community has a good treatment plan for HIV infection, and new drugs are being developed all the time. The World Health Organization has proposed a "90-90-90" strategy, which means that 90 of surviving HIV/AIDS patients are detected, 90 of diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients receive standardized antiviral treatment, and 90 of treated HIV/AIDS patients achieve viral suppression.
Although HIV infection is not completely curable, if antiretroviral therapy is adhered to and treatment compliance is good, viral load (the number of viruses in the body) can be greatly reduced and the progression of HIV in the body can be slowed to a "near stop" level. By stopping HIV reproduction, the body's immune cells are able to live longer and protect the body from infection. As a result, more and more people living with HIV will remain in good condition, remain able to work, and thus live longer.
Let's stop talking about HIV by knowing and preventing it!
@ Beijing Chinese Medicine Hospital