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AIDS is generally divided into three phases.

1. Acute phase

It usually occurs 2 to 4 weeks after the initial HIV infection. Some infected patients develop HIV viremia and clinical symptoms resulting from acute damage to the immune system. Most patients have mild clinical symptoms that resolve after 1 to 3 weeks.

The most common clinical manifestation is fever, which may be accompanied by sore throat, night sweats, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, arthralgia, lymph node enlargement, and neurological symptoms.

HIV RNA and P24 antigen can be detected in the blood at this stage, while HIV antibodies appear only a few weeks after infection. Some patients may have mild leukopenia and thrombocytopenia or abnormal liver function.

2. Asymptomatic phase

Patients may enter this phase from the acute phase or directly without obvious acute symptoms.

The duration of this period is usually 6 to 8 years. The length of time depends on the number of infected viruses, type, route of infection, individual differences in immune status, nutritional conditions and living habits.

During the asymptomatic phase, the immune system is damaged and the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count gradually decreases as HIV continues to replicate in the infected person's body, while becoming infectious.

3. AIDS stage

This stage is the final stage of HIV infection. The patient's CD4+ T-lymphocyte count decreases significantly, mostly <200/mm3, and the plasma HIV viral load increases significantly. The main clinical manifestations in this stage are HIV-related symptoms, various opportunistic infections and tumors.

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The above is for reference only, not as a basis for medication or diagnosis, please go to the regular hospital consultation!

Source: AIDS Treatment Guide