"popular Science knowledge" focuses on these points about chronic diseases.
It mainly refers to a group of diseases represented by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, malignant tumors, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, mental disorders and mental illness. It has the characteristics of long course of disease, complex etiology and irreversible pathophysiological changes. The harm of chronic diseases 1. The main harm of chronic diseases is the damage of brain, heart, kidney and other important organs. Respiratory diseases-chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, chronic pulmonary heart disease, bronchiectasis, pulmonary tuberculosis, silicosis and other circulatory diseases-coronary heart disease, hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart valvular disease and other digestive system diseases-chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, chronic hepatitis, chronic pancreatitis, chronic cholecystitis and other endocrine diseases-diabetes, hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism and other urinary diseases-chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic renal failure, chronic inflammation of urinary system, etc. How to prevent chronic diseases?
Chronic non-communicable diseases refer to a group of diseases represented by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, malignant tumors, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, mental disorders and mental illness. It has the characteristics of long course of disease, complex etiology and irreversible pathophysiological changes.
1. The main harm of chronic diseasesIt is the damage of brain, heart, kidney and other important organs, which is easy to cause disability, affect labor ability and quality of life, and the treatment cost is extremely expensive, increasing the economic burden of society and family.
two。 What are the main diseases of chronic diseases?
Respiratory diseases-- chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, chronic pulmonary heart disease, bronchiectasis, pulmonary tuberculosis, silicosis, etc.
Circulatory system diseaseCoronary heart disease, hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, etc.
Digestive system diseases-- chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, chronic hepatitis, chronic pancreatitis, chronic cholecystitis, etc.
Endocrine system diseasesDiabetes, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, etc.
Urinary system diseaseChronic glomerulonephritis, chronic renal failure, chronic inflammation of urinary system, etc.
3. How to prevent chronic diseases?
Chronic diseases are affected by economic and social, ecological environment, lifestyle, genetic and other factors. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, overweight and obesity, smoking, unhealthy diet, lack of exercise and excessive drinking are important risk factors for chronic diseases.
A good way to find chronic diseases is to have regular physical examinations. check blood pressure, blood lipids and blood sugar at least once a year; "three high" and obese people, people with family history of some tumors (breast cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatobiliary and pancreatic malignant tumor), and people with long-term stress should pay more attention to physical examination, so it is necessary to do: early thought, early detection, early prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, and early attainment.
4. How should patients with chronic diseases manage themselves?
(1) learn the basic knowledge of chronic diseases and understand the harm of chronic diseases.
(2) to know your blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipids, etc., the target level you should reach, whether there are other health risk factors and the risk of suffering from chronic disease.
If patients with diabetes develop blood glucose ≥ 16.7mmol/L or blood glucose ≤ 3.9mmol/L
Systolic blood pressure ≥ 180mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110mmHg in patients with hypertension
If you have a change in consciousness or behavior or have other sudden abnormal conditions, such as palpitations, severe headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, sudden loss of vision, etc., see a doctor in time.
(3) adjust the diet, reduce salt and fat, increase vegetable intake, quit smoking and limit alcohol.
Try to eat a variety of foods, mainly cereals, thick and thin, eat more vegetables and fruits, and also eat livestock, poultry, fish, eggs, milk and nuts, eat regularly, eat seven or eight percent of each meal, eat less greasy, high-salt, smoked and pickled foods, and properly supplement dietary fiber and vitamins.
(4) exercise in an appropriate amount
Under the current situation, patients with chronic diseases exercise in an appropriate amount indoors, can carry out outdoor activities in a ventilated environment, try not to participate in gathering activities, and pay attention to basking in the sun.
(5) insist on taking medicine according to the doctor's advice.
(6) learn to measure blood pressure and blood sugar by yourself.
(7) see a doctor regularly.
Source: network integration
Editor: sun Dezhi