Six measures and one "secret" for the prevention and control of hypertension

May 17 is World Hypertension Day, and this year's theme is "accurate measurement, effective control, health and longevity".

Hypertension is a common and frequently occurring disease in the world, which seriously affects the health and quality of life of patients. Hypertension is an important risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease. Many people with high blood pressure have no feeling at an early stage. Hypertension is like an invisible killer, eating away at people's health in silence. Relevant survey data show that at present, there are more than 270 million patients with hypertension in China, that is, one in five adults suffers from hypertension. Hypertension involves a wide range of areas, which is not only a health and medical problem, but also has a significant impact on society.

Clinically, hypertension is mainly divided into two categories: primary and secondary. In China, about 95% of hypertension belongs to essential hypertension, which is closely related to heredity, age, mental stress, environmental factors, unhealthy life, eating habits and so on. Only with a multi-pronged approach can hypertension be effectively prevented and treated.

In the absence of antihypertensive drugs, systolic blood pressure (≥ 140mm Hg) and / or diastolic blood pressure (≥ 90mm Hg) were measured three times in different days, which could be diagnosed as hypertension. The blood pressure of the family was measured continuously for 5 to 7 days, and the average blood pressure ≥ 135 to 85 mm Hg was considered as hypertension and was recommended to see a doctor. According to the China Cardiovascular Health and Disease report 2021, there are 245 million people suffering from hypertension in China. If patients can control their blood pressure in time at an early stage, the impact of hypertension on the body can be minimized.

★, keep exercising.Exercise is a good medicine. Regular and regular physical activities can prevent and control high blood pressure, such as walking, swimming, Taijiquan, square dancing and housework.

★ restricts salt intakeExcessive intake of sodium salt can easily cause water and sodium retention in the body, resulting in an increase in blood volume, which in turn increases blood pressure. It is recommended that adults eat no more than 5 grams of salt a day and eat less pickles and other foods.

★ eats less foods high in oil and sugar.Excess energy is bad for your health, so limit the use of cooking oil, eat less high-oil, high-sugar food, and eat more vegetables and fruits.

★ eats less fast food.Fast food thick oil red sauce, often eating is not good for health. Try to eat at home, which helps to control the intake of fat, salt and sugar.

★ quit smoking and limit alcoholHarmful substances in tobacco can stimulate vasoconstriction, damage vascular endothelial tissue, reduce vascular elasticity and increase the risk of hypertension. The same is true of alcohol. With the increase of alcohol consumption, ethanol into the blood can act on the nerve center, which can easily lead to an increase in blood pressure in the long run.

★ ensures sleepLong-term insomnia can lead to over-excitation of the sympathetic nerve, causing an abnormal increase in heart rate and blood pressure. In daily life, we should develop good work and rest habits, avoid staying up late for a long time, and maintain a good state of mind.

Antihypertensive drugs are usually divided into five categories, including diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), calcium channel blockers (CCB) and beta blockers. Because the doses and specifications of each antihypertensive drug are different, and the blood pressure of each person is also different, taking antihypertensive drugs requires a specific analysis of the situation. Antihypertensive drugs are not addictive and need to be taken for a long time. If the effect of a single drug is not obvious, a combination of drugs can be considered. Patients with hypertension should actively improve their living habits while taking antihypertensive drugs. If you have any questions, you should consult your doctor in time, do not change the dose privately, let alone change and stop dressing casually.

A grandmother's "pressure control little secret"

Last year, I had the privilege of meeting a 70-year-old patient with high blood pressure. She left a deep impression on me. Although the old woman is not young, the on-site blood pressure measurement is very healthy, even less than 120 centimeters of 80 mm Hg, which is very rare in the elderly group.

Grandma was proud to share her "little secret of pressure control" with me. About ten years ago, she read about high blood pressure while reading the newspaper and went to the hospital to measure her blood pressure according to the guidance of experts. At that time, her wife also said that she "did not have a disease or disaster to go to the hospital to do", she did not care, but also actively mobilize her wife to go, but he has been refusing. When she took her blood pressure for the first time, there was no problem at all, but then it fluctuated. The doctor told her to pay attention to improving her lifestyle and monitor it regularly. With the increase of age, especially in recent years, blood pressure has become a bit "unbearable" and can only be controlled by taking drugs. According to the doctor's advice, she takes the medicine on time and at the same time maintains a healthy lifestyle, and her blood pressure is still normal. Looking at her wife, she knew for the first time that she had high blood pressure or went to the hospital because of dizziness and discomfort. At that time, when he was in the hospital, his blood pressure was as high as 150 UBG and 95 mm Hg. Later, her wife took many kinds of medicine and took a long time to control her blood pressure. at that time, the doctor said, "it's a pity, it's a little late." if she could go to the hospital for examination a few years earlier and intervene early, her blood pressure would be more stable.