Dongguan Nancheng Yoga Training School,"Dongpo Scholar" Su Shi of the Northern Song Dynasty was arrested and imprisoned for Wutai poetry case. How was he demoted to Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou?
Su Shi, the "Dongpo Scholar" of the Northern Song Dynasty, was arrested and imprisoned for Wutai Poetry Case. How was he demoted to Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou?
Su Shi, the "Dongpo Scholar" of the Northern Song Dynasty, was arrested and imprisoned for Wutai Poetry Case. How was he demoted to Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou?
I. Wutai Poetry Case
Wutai poetry case is a completely unjust case.
During the Xining years of Emperor Shenzong of Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi created a new law, Su Shi opposed the reform, and several times complained to Emperor Shenzong about the shortcomings of the new law, thus causing Wang Anshi's dissatisfaction. Su Shi felt that he would face a political crisis in the capital and asked for an outside appointment.
Therefore, he left Beijing to Hangzhou as a general judge. Later, it was transferred to Mizhou (now Zhucheng County, Shandong Province), Xuzhou (now Tongshan County, Jiangsu Province) and Huzhou (now Wu Xing County, Zhejiang Province)
Shortly after Huzhou took office, Li Ding and others listed crimes and impeached Su Shi. In the second year of Yuanfeng, Li Ding and others from Yushitai (formerly known as Wutai) sent people to Huzhou to arrest Su Shi and escort him to Bianjing on charges of writing poems to satirize the court.
Su Shi was escorted to Bianjing, put in prison, and interrogated immediately. The evidence was a collection of poems carved by others for Su Shi, and Shen Kuo, the author of Dream Stream Pen Talk, was the first to take this collection as evidence. Su Shi did have the so-called "handle" to grasp. With his literary talent, he often ridiculed the government and denounced the new law in his poems. These poems had a great influence for a while. Because of different political views, the chief judge put some satirical new laws in Su Shi's poems on the line, saying that Su Shi was dissatisfied with Shenzong and forced Su Shi to confess treason.
II. Dark willows and bright flowers
Su Shi's poem "Yong Hui" has "roots to Jiuquan no music, the world only sting dragon know." He said,"Your Majesty, the flying dragon is in the sky. Su Shi thinks he doesn't know himself. He wants to sting the dragon underground instead. Isn't he trying to rebel?" God replied,"How can the poet's words be understood in this way? What does his" Song of Qin "have to do with me? "
At this time, Empress Renzong was seriously ill, and Shenzong planned to make a pardon in order to improve his grandmother's illness. The Queen said,"There is no need to forgive the evil in the world, just let Su Shi go alone." "He went on to say:" In the past, Emperor Renzong recommended virtuous people. When he returned to the palace, he was very happy to say that today I got two Taiping prime ministers for my descendants. He was talking about Su Shi's brothers. Now do you want to kill Su Shi? "Empress Renzong also shed tears while speaking, and Shenzong also accompanied her tears.
Some sympathizers with Su Shi also stood up for him. Prime Minister Wu Chong once asked Emperor Shenzong:"What do you think of Cao Cao? God said,"What is Satan?" "Wu Chong said that His Majesty took Yao Shun as an example and naturally despised Cao Cao. Cao Cao was suspicious, but he could tolerate such a madman as Mi Heng. Can Your Majesty still not tolerate Su Shi? "Shenzong was touched and said," I'm going to let him go." After more than five months of interrogation, Su Shi was finally charged with "mocking political affairs." Although Su Shi was dissatisfied with his heart, it was a happy event that he could survive death. He had to write a review and admit his mistake. Therefore, he was demoted to Huangzhou as deputy envoy of Tuanlian. Su Shi in Huangzhou became Dongpo.
III. After being demoted to Huangzhou, he was demoted several times
After Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou, he lived in Huangzhou for four years and two months. In March of the seventh year of Yuanfeng, he was demoted to Ruzhou. Ruzhou is the seat of the capital, indicating that the attitude of the imperial court to him has changed a little. During this period, he met Wang Anshi, the retired prime minister, and this pair of political opponents were also literary giants. At this time, Wang Anshi had been excluded from the court and lived in Jiangning. Their ideals and ambitions also ended in failure. Su Shi was demoted to Hangzhou again because he could not tolerate the old and new parties; he was released to Yingzhou again because of political disagreement; and then he was demoted to Huiyang because the new party was in power again.
In 1097,62-year-old Su Shi was demoted to Danzhou (now Danxian County, Hainan Province) again. Although Danzhou is a wild place, Su Shi has made great contributions here, and the people of Danzhou respect him very much.
In April of the third year of Yuanfu (1100), Su Shi, 65 years old, was transferred to Chao Fenglang and died in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province on July 28, the first year of Jianzhong Jingguo. Song Gaozong ascended the throne and posthumously presented him as Taishi, posthumously named "Wenzhong."
Su Shi's life was magnificent, his youth achieved success, his middle age suffered disaster,"Wutai Poetry Case" almost died, and in his later years he was successively demoted, and his family fell to the end of the world.
In his political career, there was also a demand for reform of maladministration at the beginning. When Shenzong appointed Wang Anshi to reform, he held a conservative attitude against Wang's reform and was demoted. During the reign of Emperor Zhezong of Song Dynasty, the old party led by Sima Guang came into power and used him as a scholar of Hanlin. However, when the old party abolished all new laws, he was dissatisfied with the old party's excessive correction and was rejected again. When the New Party gained power again, he was demoted to Danzhou at the age of 60. Until the amnesty moved inward, it was a lot of bad luck.
IV. Literary Masters
Su Shi is a literary all-rounder, not only in poetry, Ci has high achievements, but also in calligraphy, painting, music have high attainments. His prose is crisp, sharp, powerful, infectious and persuasive. He is indeed a great master of Chinese classical literature.
The picture comes from the network. If it is invaded, delete it immediately.
The heart seems to have been gray, body like an untied boat. Ask your life achievements, Huangzhou Huizhou Danzhou.
This is Su Shi's "Self-titled Portrait of Jinshan" in his later years, summarizing his achievements in his life: it was not when he was the most prominent minister of the Ministry of Rites, Yuanwailang of the Temple Department, nor when he was the prefect of Valzhou, Xuzhou and Mizhou, but when he was demoted to three places, Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou. Although this is related to Su Shi's open-minded attitude, it is indeed a true portrayal of Su Shi's achievements.
In the second year of Emperor Yuanfeng of Shenzong, Su Shi knew Huzhou. In his Huzhou Xie Biao to Emperor Shenzong, he had personal color. He was caught by the New Party and said that he fooled the court, was angry, harbored evil intentions and was disloyal to the emperor. They picked out sentences implying sarcasm from Su Shi's poems. Su Shi was arrested by the Ministry of Civil Affairs of Yushitai and sent to the capital. Dozens of people were implicated. This is the "Wutai Poetry Case." Because Yushitai is planted with cypress trees, there are crows perched on cypress trees all the year round, so it is called Wutai.
There were also many senior officials in the court and even many in the reform faction who advised Su Shi to protect Su Shi, and retired Wang Anshi also wrote from Jinling.There is no such thing as killing."God's word is "death" and God's word is "death."Huangzhou Tuanlian Deputy Envoy, this state placement, may not sign official business.
After arriving in Huangzhou, as a criminal officer, Su Shi was poor and had no food and clothing. His sons Su Guo and Su Shi could only "look at meat and eat rice"(hang a piece of salted meat on the wall and eat a mouthful of rice when eating). At that time, there was a scholar named Ma Zhengqing who pleaded with the governor of Huangzhou and asked for a piece of wasteland in the eastern suburbs of Huangzhou for Su Shi.
Su Shi cultivated grain on this wasteland and built a house, which is famous for"Snow Hall",Su Shi's family can be regarded as living a life of plenty of food and clothing. Su Shi's favorite predecessorBai JuyiWhen he was demoted to Zhongzhou, he was Dongpo in Zhongzhou. Now Su Shi is in Dongpo of Huangzhou, so Su Shi calls himselfScholar Dongpo.
Su Dongpo's name came from this!
During this period, Su Dongpo walked out of the difficulties in his state of mind and walked out of a world. He created "Fu on Red Cliff,""Fu on Later Red Cliff,""Niannujiao Chibi Remembering Ancient Times," and a large number of popular poems. Su Dongpo's literature and calligraphy created miracles in Huangzhou. He liked Huangzhou more and more, and he also reached the realm of transcendence and no self.
Su Dongpo of literature became Su Dongpo of philosophy, Su Dongpo achieved Huangzhou and Chibi. Huangzhou and Chibi also achieved genius Su Dongpo.
Song Zhezong ascended the throne, Su Shi also served as a scholar of Hanlin. Zhe Zong succeeded to the throne when he was young, and the old party was in charge of the government. The ruling ministers abolished the new law. Su Shi advocated retaining the exemption law in the new law and strengthening the national defense force, which led to the attack and exclusion of the old party Cheng Yi.He went out to Hangzhou, Yingzhou and Yangzhou.
No matter where Su Shi is, he always cares about the people and benefits them. Take Hangzhou as an example:Disaster relief, hospital, five water governance, West Lake formation.Su Shi's "Anlefang" Hospital in Hangzhou is the first public hospital in Hangzhou. Dredging silt and turnip grass at the bottom of the West Lake to build a long dike spanning the north and south of the West Lake, building six bridges and nine pavilions, planting hibiscus and willow on the dike. Su Shi's successor wrote on the embankmentSu Gongdi stele, later known as Su Di, and Bai Di, Yang Gongdi and said the West Lake three dikes.
After Zhe Zong's personal administration, Su Shi returned to court. The new party rose again. This time, Su Shi faced his former friend who hated him.Zhang DunIn his late years, Su Shi was demoted to Lingnan.
Huizhou was still a place of plague at that time, and Su Shi was in his twilight years, basically without hope of survival.
Su Shi let his son Su Mai take a family to live in Yixing, only with his son Su Guo accompanied, Su Shi's bosom friend love concubine Dynasty Yun insisted on accompanying. As a native of Sichuan Province, Su Shi was not adapted to the climate of Lingnan, but his realm could surpass all the sufferings in life, and enjoyed it, deeply loved by the common people. He dredged HuizhouFenghu,Fenghu is in the west of Huizhou, Su Shi is also calledWest Lake.
Unfortunately, Chao Yun failed to resist the miasma and died three years later. Su Shi wrote a eulogy for her,"Gao Qing has driven Xiao Yunkong, not dreaming with pear flowers."
In the second year of Yuanfu, Su Shi was demoted to the farthestDanzhouAt this time, Su Shi is already sixty-two years old, his younger brother Su Zhe has also been demoted to Leizhou, the two brothers met in Tengzhou, Su Zhe sent his brother to sea, this parting is eternal, no longera thousand miles togetherThat's it!
Life is harder in the city."There is no room, no food, no medicine."Song Huizong ascended the throne and granted amnesty to the world. Su Shi returned to the court as a court servant. On his way back to the north, he died in Changzhou, posthumous title "Wenzhong."