Patients with cardiovascular disease, how to make the heart recover? Five prescriptions are the key, and exercise has five more benefits.

How to promote the rehabilitation of patients with cardiovascular disease, more and more research evidence shows that cardiac rehabilitation can not only promote patients to return to normal life and work at an early stage, it includes the dual meaning of rehabilitation (recovery and improvement of patients' functional ability) and prevention (prevention of disease recurrence and death). The content of cardiac rehabilitation includes five aspects: life style change, heart and psychological health, evidence-based medication, quality of life assessment and improvement and occupational rehabilitation. Make full use of the drugs that have been proved to be effective in the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular diseases (the so-called evidence-based drugs), but the current use of drugs in patients with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and heart failure in China is not ideal. The exercise prescription (including exercise form, intensity, frequency and time) was formulated according to the health, physical strength and cardiovascular function of the patients combined with the individual characteristics of study, work, living environment and exercise preference.

Many patients with myocardial infarction or after stenting feel that they have become seriously ill, their physical strength is not as strong as before, and they dare not move after being discharged from the hospital. some patients are worried about the recurrence of the disease, and some patients are worried about stent problems. For a long time, they were unable to come out of the shadow of the disease, seriously affecting the quality of life of the patients. How to promote the rehabilitation of patients with cardiovascular disease and restore their physical function to the best state is the problem to be solved in cardiac rehabilitation.

Since the concept of cardiac rehabilitation was put forward by some scholars in the 1950s, more and more research evidence shows that cardiac rehabilitation can not only promote patients to return to normal life and work early and save medical expenses, but also reduce the recurrence rate and mortality rate of the disease. With the progress of medicine, the cardiac rehabilitation system is becoming more and more perfect.

What is cardiac rehabilitation?

Modern cardiac rehabilitation includes both rehabilitation (recovery and improvement of patients' functional ability) and prevention (prevention of disease recurrence and death).

In short, cardiac rehabilitation is a comprehensive intervention through multifaceted and multidisciplinary cooperation, including drugs, exercise, nutrition, psychological and social support, to change patients' bad lifestyle, help patients develop and maintain healthy behavior, control various risk factors of cardiovascular disease, restore patients' physical, psychological and social functions to the best state, prevent and delay the development of the disease, and reduce disability. And promote patients to return to society at the same time, reduce the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease, prolong the life span of patients, and improve the quality of life of patients.

What does cardiac rehabilitation include?

The content of cardiac rehabilitation includes five aspects: life style change, heart and psychological "two-heart" health, evidence-based medication, quality of life assessment and improvement and occupational rehabilitation. According to the connotation of cardiac rehabilitation, the Cardiac Rehabilitation Committee of Chinese Rehabilitation Medical Association has extracted five major rehabilitation prescriptions: medicine, exercise, nutrition, psychology and quitting smoking.

(1) Drug prescription:Making full use of the existing research evidence to prove that effective drugs for the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular disease (the so-called evidence-based drugs) is an important measure to reduce the occurrence or recurrence of the disease, delay the progression of the disease and prolong the life span of patients. At present, the medication status of patients with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and heart failure in China is not ideal, which is also an important factor leading to the deterioration of the disease, which should be paid more attention to.

(2) exercise prescription:The formulation of exercise prescription (including exercise form, intensity, frequency and time) according to the health, physical strength and cardiovascular function of patients combined with the individual characteristics of study, work, living environment and exercise preference, and scientific and reasonable exercise will be beneficial to the rehabilitation of the body.

(3) nutritional prescription:According to the individual situation, giving medical nutritional treatment is an effective measure for comprehensive prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The goal is to control blood lipids, blood pressure, blood sugar and body weight, reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease and increase protective factors.

(4) Psychological prescription (including sleep management):Negative emotions such as depression, anxiety, helplessness and anger can lead to adverse effects such as unstable blood pressure, arrhythmia, coronary artery spasm and poor lifestyle, and increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Studies have shown that too long or too short sleep (9 hours or less than 6 hours per night) is significantly associated with a significantly increased risk of coronary heart disease compared with those who sleep 7 to 8 hours a night. Severe sleep deprivation can lead to high blood pressure, uncontrollable blood sugar, increased risk of infection, and daily brain dysfunction. Therefore, eliminating bad mood and managing sleep are beneficial to the rehabilitation of the heart.

(5) prescription for quitting smoking:Smoking is recognized as a cardiovascular risk factor. Quitting smoking can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. The long-term benefit of quitting smoking is no less than the effect of drug treatment, and quitting smoking is also the most economical and effective intervention to save lives.

What are the benefits of exercise rehabilitation for patients with cardiovascular disease?

Exercise is the core project of cardiac rehabilitation, cardiovascular disease patients can benefit from exercise rehabilitation, mainly in the following aspects.

(1) Control of blood pressure:Blood pressure will rise during exercise, but long-term proper exercise can help patients with cardiovascular disease better control their blood pressure. Long-term exercise rehabilitation can increase the caliber of blood vessels, enhance the elasticity of vascular wall, open the collateral circulation of heart, brain and other organs, and increase blood flow, which is conducive to the decrease and stability of blood pressure.

(2) slow down the heart rate and improve the prognosis of the patients:The speed of heartbeat is closely related to the length of life. Proper exercise rehabilitation can slow down the heart rate, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, improve myocardial blood supply, prolong the life span of patients, and thus improve the long-term prognosis of patients. A large number of studies have shown that regular physical activity can reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease events.

(3) improving cardiopulmonary function:Exercise rehabilitation can increase cardiopulmonary exercise tolerance, improve cardiovascular function, improve the quality of life of patients, and enhance the independent living ability of elderly patients.

(4) reduce obesity and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism:Obese people are prone to hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, which increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Exercise is the most scientific and greenest way to lose weight, exercise can consume excess fat, promote metabolism to achieve weight loss effect. Weight loss can produce many benefits, including reducing body weight and body fat content, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood triglyceride levels and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, improving insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, and reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Exercise rehabilitation for patients with cardiovascular disease can help patients maintain a good physique and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events.

(5) help to quit smoking:Smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Quitting smoking can significantly reduce the incidence of myocardial infarction and moderate stroke. Smoking can stimulate the body to secrete dopamine, which makes people feel relaxed; when quitting smoking, the secretion of dopamine is relatively reduced, which often causes smokers to feel depressed and melancholy is difficult to dispel. Exercise can increase dopamine secretion, and its effect is similar to that of smoking. A number of studies in Europe and the United States have found that exercise can help quit smoking.

Exercise rehabilitation shows good effects in addition to drugs, which can not only reduce the occurrence of complications, but also improve the cardiac function of patients with coronary heart disease and reduce the recurrence of coronary artery restenosis and cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease. it has a very important practical significance to improve the quality of life of patients and enable patients to return to society satisfactorily.