Several exercise methods suitable for patients with chronic diseases, long-term persistence, can lower blood pressure and blood lipids

The common chronic diseases are mainly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases. Reasonable exercise is very important. How should people with chronic diseases exercise? If people with chronic diseases want to exercise, how should we exercise scientifically, effectively and safely? It is recommended that patients go to the hospital to do a cardiopulmonary exercise test and the blood pressure under the maximum exercise load to prevent the risk of many accidents during exercise. It will certainly cause a lot of cardiovascular accidents. If you have done cardiopulmonary exercise test and worked out an individual exercise prescription that is suitable for you, the exercise intensity and type of exercise you can bear are also different. the exercise prescription based on the results of cardiopulmonary exercise test is very safe. according to cardiopulmonary exercise test, the exercise prescription we generally give is mainly aerobic exercise. It is easy to cause some sports injuries, so we generally recommend that obese patients take low-intensity exercise first.

The full name of chronic disease is a chronic non-communicable disease, which does not specifically refer to a certain disease, but conceals the onset of a kind of disease, the course of the disease is long and the disease does not heal, there is a lack of exact evidence of infectious biological etiology, and the etiology is complex. and some diseases that have not been fully identified.

The common chronic diseases are cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases. The central cerebrovascular diseases include hypertension, stroke and coronary heart disease. Treatment is important in the fight against chronic diseases, but doctors always emphasize that reasonable exercise is the key to diet and lifestyle adjustments. Today we will talk about how people with chronic diseases should exercise.

First of all, there must be risks for people with chronic diseases to exercise, such as high blood pressure, coronary heart disease and diabetes. If the exercise intensity is too high, it will cause an increase in blood pressure, blood sugar and atherosclerosis. However, if the exercise intensity is too low, it will not achieve the purpose of cardiovascular prevention, and will not improve our cardiopulmonary function.

How should we carry out scientific, effective and safe sports? It is suggested that patients had better go to the hospital to do a cardiopulmonary exercise test to measure your maximum heart rate and maximum oxygen uptake, as well as the blood pressure under the maximum exercise load, which can ensure the safety of our exercise and prevent many accidents during exercise. Why measure our maximum oxygen uptake? Because the maximum oxygen uptake represents the highest reserve function of our heart and lungs, if we exercise beyond this range, it will certainly lead to many cardiovascular accidents, such as arrhythmia, the risk of accidental hypertension, and even sudden cardiac death.

If we have done the cardiopulmonary exercise test, we can formulate our own individualized exercise prescription according to the results of the cardiopulmonary exercise test, because each person's physical function is different. the exercise intensity and type of exercise that can be withstood are also different, and the exercise prescription based on the results of cardiopulmonary exercise test is very safe and effective.

Generally speaking, according to the cardiopulmonary exercise test, the exercise prescription we give is mainly aerobic exercise, including brisk walking, jogging, cycling, boating, mountain climbing and so on. If you are too old to jog and walk quickly, you can also do a traditional aerobic exercise, which is Baduanjin, which is also a very good form of aerobic exercise.

And if you are an obese patient, if you want to run, it is easy to cause some sports injuries, so we generally recommend that obese patients do low-intensity exercise first, and then do some moderate-intensity exercise after weight loss, so that some unnecessary exercise injuries can be avoided.

People with chronic diseases must pay attention to their physical condition at any time during exercise. If they encounter uncomfortable conditions such as chest tightness, palpitation and shortness of breath, they must immediately stop the exercise and, if necessary, come to the hospital for help. There is another point to pay attention to, that is, if our bodies are not willing to exercise, or if we are particularly tired, we suggest not to force ourselves to exercise, but to rest temporarily, because if we continue to exercise in the case of extreme physical fatigue, on the contrary, it will have some negative sports effects on the body.

How long is it best for people with chronic diseases to exercise at a time? In general, it is recommended that the best time for aerobic exercise is 30 minutes. If we can persist in aerobic exercise for a long time, it can reduce blood lipids, blood pressure and blood sugar. For our patients with chronic diseases, the long-term prognosis is very good, so we suggest that those who are active must move.

Collaborator of this issue: Yao Na, Intermediate Rehabilitation therapist, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xi'an Daxing Hospital